﻿FN Clarivate Analytics Web of Science
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Zhong, KB
   Lu, XL
AF Zhong, Kaibin
   Lu, Xiaoli
TI Exploring the administrative mechanism of China's Paired Assistance to
   Disaster Affected Areas programme
SO DISASTERS
DT Article
DE catastrophe recovery; China; multi-level moderated competition; paired
   assistance; vertical control; Wenchuan earthquake
ID WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; RECOVERY; PERFORMANCE; POLICY; RECONSTRUCTION
AB The Paired Assistance to Disaster Affected Areas (PADAA) programme is a mutual aid initiative with Chinese characteristics, which speeded up the process of restoring and reconstructing regions affected by the Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May 2008. The PADAA is an efficient instrument for catastrophe recovery, yet it remains a mysterious mechanism to many members of disaster management communities. This paper aims to lift the veil on it by assessing its origins and evolution. It draws on the multi-level moderated competition model to explain how the PADAA functions within the Chinese administrative system. The country's top-down political system allows the central authority to mandate provincial and local governments from more economically developed regions to assist devastated areas with post-disaster reconstruction. The practices of local accountability complement vertical control by giving leaders from donor regions strong incentives to accomplish assigned reconstruction tasks, resulting in intense competition between them.
C1 [Zhong, Kaibin] Chinese Acad Governance, Natl Inst Emergency Management, Beijing, Peoples R China.
   [Lu, Xiaoli] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Publ Policy & Management, Ctr Crisis Management Res, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
C3 Tsinghua University
RP Lu, XL (corresponding author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Publ Policy & Management, Ctr Crisis Management Res, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM luxiaoli@tsinghua.edu.cn
TC 29
Z9 30
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0361-3666
EI 1467-7717
PD JUL
PY 2018
VL 42
IS 3
BP 590
EP 612
DI 10.1111/disa.12262
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Social Sciences - Other Topics
UT WOS:000434962900010
ER

PT J
AU Tang, GJ
AF Tang, Guijuan
TI Research on transformation from "paired assistance" to "collaborative
   networks" in post-disaster recovery of 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, China
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
DT Article
DE The Wenchuan Earthquake; Post-disaster recovery; Paired Assistance
   Policy; Collaborative networks
ID EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT; DISASTER; RECONSTRUCTION; MODEL
AB Long-term outcomes and collaborative governance are particularly worthy of discussion when examining the recovery process from natural disasters. In the long and dynamic processes of recovery, how do the primary participants responsible for recovery adapt and change to meet social and economic objectives? This paper argues that the approach to recovery following the Wenchuan Earthquake in China experienced a transformation from paired assistance under centralized political mobilization to collaborative networks. Based on an in-depth case study of the Shanghai-Dujiangyan Paired Assistance Policy, we find that recovery from the Wenchuan Earthquake can be demarcated and described in terms of three stages involving government-oriented project aid, contract-oriented industrial redevelopment, and network-oriented collaborative governance. Four determinants contributed to these transformation processes: (1) The central government was promoted as the responsible entity for guiding recovery efforts from the catastrophe, and the effective political mobilization under the Paired Assistance Policy (PAP) and interactions between subnational assisting governments ensured the timeliness, diversity, and quality of aid projects; (2) industry recovery policies provided the policy environment for enterprises to participate in industrial recovery, and beneficial reciprocity became the key attraction for outside private enterprises to participate in the industrial recovery of Dujiangyan; (3) the participation of social organizations as emergent organizations in the recovery contributed to the formation of collaborative networks; and (4) the trust, friendship, and mutually beneficial relationships that were developed over the 3-year term of the PAP provided a strong foundation for the formation of collaborative networks, which were essential to facilitating longer term recovery.
C1 [Tang, Guijuan] Shanghai Univ Finance & Econ, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
C3 Shanghai University of Finance & Economics
RP Tang, GJ (corresponding author), Shanghai Univ Finance & Econ, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
EM tangguijuanshufe@163.com
TC 11
Z9 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA ONE NEW YORK PLAZA, SUITE 4600, NEW YORK, NY, UNITED STATES
SN 0921-030X
EI 1573-0840
PD OCT
PY 2020
VL 104
IS SUPPL 1
SU 1
SI SI
BP 31
EP 53
DI 10.1007/s11069-019-03598-0
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:000582894800003
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, HB
   Tao, ZG
AF Zhang, Haibo
   Tao, Zhigang
TI Evaluating China's Paired-Assistance Policy (PAP) in Response to the
   Wenchuan Earthquake: A Sustainability Perspective
SO SUSTAINABILITY
DT Article
DE paired-assistance policy; Wenchuan earthquake; disaster; sustainable
   recovery
ID EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT; EXTREME EVENTS
AB Taking a ten-year retrospective view, this article qualitatively evaluates the performance of the paired-assistance policy (PAP) implemented in response to China's Wenchuan earthquake from the perspective of sustainable recovery. Based on a review of relevant literature, the article proposes an integrated framework for the qualitative evaluation of the sustainability of disaster recovery. First, sustainable recovery prioritizes sustainability as the goal of activities undertaken to improve the local quality of life and local economic and environmental conditions. Second, sustainable recovery is a process involving several stages, from restoration to replacement reconstruction and finally to developmental construction. Third, sustainable recovery creates a structure that fosters local reliance through interactions between external and internal entities. Fourth, sustainable recovery emphasizes betterment over restoration and hazard mitigation. Overall, sustainable recovery integrates these four characteristics. Using the case-study method, this article qualitatively evaluates the Jiangsu-Mianzhu PAP (JM-PAP) from the perspective of sustainable recovery. The findings suggest that the JM-PAP laid a good foundation for sustainable recovery after the Wenchuan earthquake. Finally, policy recommendations are offered to improve the performance of the PAP in achieving sustainable recovery after future disasters in China.
C1 [Zhang, Haibo; Tao, Zhigang] Nanjing Univ, Sch Govt, Ctr Risk Disaster & Crisis Res, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
C3 Nanjing University
RP Tao, ZG (corresponding author), Nanjing Univ, Sch Govt, Ctr Risk Disaster & Crisis Res, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM zhb@nju.edu.cn; mg1506065@smail.nju.edu.cn
TC 6
Z9 6
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
EI 2071-1050
PD OCT
PY 2018
VL 10
IS 10
AR 3732
DI 10.3390/su10103732
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
UT WOS:000448559400374
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, HB
   Tang, GJ
AF Zhang, Haibo
   Tang, Guijuan
TI Paired assistance policy and recovery from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake:
   a network perspective
SO DISASTERS
DT Article
DE China; disaster recovery; network perspective; paired assistance policy;
   Wenchuan earthquake
ID EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT; COLLABORATION; PERFORMANCE; GOVERNANCE; SECURITY;
   CAPACITY
AB The role of the paired assistance policy (PAP) in facilitating recovery after the Wenchuan earthquake in China on 12 May 2008 is best analysed from a network perspective. This paper makes five assumptions to explore the relationship, and then draws on three additional cases to examine them. The key findings support all five assumptions. First, the interactions of authority compliance initiated the PAP, and second, the interactions of resource input significantly contributed to rapid reconstruction following the earthquake. Third, the interactions of knowledge transfer supported social system recovery, and fourth, the interactions of benefit reciprocity laid the foundation for sustainable recovery. Fifth, by contrast, the interactions of performance comparison caused suboptimal overfunding of particular public infrastructure projects and reduced local self-reliance to some extent. Finally, suggestions are made to improve the policy implications of extending the use of the PAP in other administrative contexts. The PAP could become an even more important policy device in the future.
C1 [Zhang, Haibo] Nanjing Univ, Sch Govt, Ctr Risk Disaster & Crisis Res, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
   [Tang, Guijuan] Shanghai Univ Finance & Econ, Sch Publ Econ & Management, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
C3 Nanjing University; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics
RP Tang, GJ (corresponding author), Shanghai Univ Finance & Econ, Sch Publ Econ & Management, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
EM tangguijuanshufe@163.com
TC 16
Z9 16
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0361-3666
EI 1467-7717
PD JAN
PY 2021
VL 45
IS 1
BP 126
EP 157
DI 10.1111/disa.12413
EA APR 2020
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Social Sciences - Other Topics
UT WOS:000526558200001
ER

PT J
AU Yi, FX
   Tu, Y
AF Yi, Fangxin
   Tu, Yong
TI An Evaluation of the Paired Assistance to Disaster-Affected Areas
   Program in Disaster Recovery: The Case of the Wenchuan Earthquake
SO SUSTAINABILITY
DT Article
DE disaster recovery; Paired Assistance to Disaster-Affected Areas program;
   Wenchuan earthquake
AB The Wenchuan earthquake, which happened in May 2008 in China, was one of the most destructive natural disasters of the past decade. The Chinese government implemented several aid programs, including the Paired Assistance to Disaster-Affected Areas (PADAA) program, to assist with disaster recovery. Although the Wenchuan earthquake has gained much scholarly attention, previous studies often adopted different recovery measures and provided fragmented empirical evidence on how an aid program may have influenced the recovery process in both the short and long term. To bridge the gap, this paper collects eight social, economic, and institutional indicators to measure four types of recovery processes, namely, economic recovery, social recovery, institutional recovery, and built environment recovery. The data, collected between 2002 and 2015, covers 269 earthquake-stricken counties. Based on this data, we constructed a set of disaster recovery indexes. We then evaluated the impacts of the PADAA program on the disaster recovery process across the 269 counties in both the short and long term. We concluded that the impact of the PADAA program on the post-disaster economic recovery was significant in both the short and long term, whereas its impact on the recovery of the institutional and built environment occurred in the short term. Its impact on post-disaster social recovery was inconclusive.
C1 [Yi, Fangxin; Tu, Yong] Natl Univ Singapore, Sch Design & Environm, Dept Real Estate, Singapore 117566, Singapore.
C3 National University of Singapore
RP Yi, FX (corresponding author), Natl Univ Singapore, Sch Design & Environm, Dept Real Estate, Singapore 117566, Singapore.
EM francineyi@gmail.com; tuyong@nus.edu.sg
TC 12
Z9 13
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
EI 2071-1050
PD DEC
PY 2018
VL 10
IS 12
AR 4483
DI 10.3390/su10124483
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
UT WOS:000455338100149
ER

PT J
AU Cheng, L
   Zhang, J
AF Cheng, Li
   Zhang, Jun
TI Assessment of coupling coordination between tourism development and
   economic growth after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake: Beichuan, China
SO ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TOURISM RESEARCH
DT Article
DE Tourism development; economic growth; relationship; coupling
   coordination degree; tourism-led growth hypothesis; Wenchuan earthquake;
   Beichuan County
ID INTEGRATED APPROACH; PANEL ANALYSIS; RESILIENCE; HYPOTHESIS; RECOVERY;
   ISLAND; ENVIRONMENT; DISASTERS; CRISIS; RISK
AB This paper establishes one comprehensive index system and investigates the coupling coordination between tourism development and economic growth of Beichuan County following the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, as well as examines the causal relationship. The results of the coupling coordination degree model (CCDM) illustrate that the coordinating level of tourism development and economic growth increases in 2001-2017, with strong fluctuation in 2008. The causal results using unit root test, Cointegration test, and Grange causal test show that tourism can significantly promote economic growth in 2008-2017. The outcomes may be attributed to the disaster shock, macro-policy and government-led reconstruction mode. Lastly, the theoretical and practical implications for policymakers are provided.
C1 [Cheng, Li] Sichuan Univ, Tourism Sch, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang, Jun] Sichuan Univ, Inst Disaster Management & Reconstruct, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
C3 Sichuan University; Sichuan University
RP Zhang, J (corresponding author), Sichuan Univ, Inst Disaster Management & Reconstruct, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
EM 2016326200011@stu.scu.edu.cn
TC 22
Z9 27
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1094-1665
EI 1741-6507
PD JUN 2
PY 2020
VL 25
IS 6
BP 592
EP 609
DI 10.1080/10941665.2020.1752753
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics
UT WOS:000526462800001
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, XJ
   Wang, ZQ
AF Zhang, Xiaojun
   Wang, Zhiqiang
TI How Does Paired Assistance to Disaster-Affected Areas (PADAA) Contribute
   to Economic Sustainability? A Qualitative Analysis of Wenchuan County
SO SUSTAINABILITY
DT Article
DE paired assistance; long-term recovery; Wenchuan Earthquake; China
ID RECOVERY
AB There is a high risk of an economic downturn after the end of reconstruction efforts following natural hazards. High levels of external assistance can sometimes weaken local autonomy and self-sufficiency, creating the pre-conditions for a forgotten phase. However, through the three-year Paired Assistance to Disaster-Affected Areas project (PADAA), the economy of Wenchuan County in China recovered to its pre-earthquake levels within two years and has shown clear signs of economic sustainability. Through a qualitative research approach based on the analysis of expert interviews, secondary data, and relevant documentation, this study discusses the phases of the reconstruction process following the Wenchuan earthquake, and the factors behind the success of the PADAA process in enabling economic sustainability. Some of the identified factors include: (1) the reshaping of local livelihoods and economic structure through a large number of investments in public infrastructure; (2) knowledge acquisition, self-adjustment, and the ability to meet the needs of a new economy and social development through institutional reform and openness; (3) increasing amounts of attracted investments and the development of sustainable industrial structures through the improvement of the local government's economic governance.
C1 [Zhang, Xiaojun] Fuzhou Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang, Xiaojun] UCL, Inst Risk & Disaster Reduct, London WC1E 6BT, England.
   [Wang, Zhiqiang] South China Univ Technol, Sch Publ Adm, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
C3 Fuzhou University; University of London; University College London;
   South China University of Technology
RP Wang, ZQ (corresponding author), South China Univ Technol, Sch Publ Adm, Guangzhou 510641, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
EM pawangzhiqiang@scut.edu.cn
TC 4
Z9 5
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
EI 2071-1050
PD JUL 2
PY 2019
VL 11
IS 14
AR 3915
DI 10.3390/su11143915
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
UT WOS:000482261800159
ER

PT J
AU Wu, HR
AF Wu, Haorui
TI When Housing and Communities Were Delivered: A Case Study of
   Post-Wenchuan Earthquake Rural Reconstruction and Recovery
SO SUSTAINABILITY
DT Article
DE short-term reconstruction; long-term recovery; government-led
   reconstruction; grassroots expertise; sustainable rural development
ID DISASTER; GOVERNANCE; LESSONS; CHINA; ADAPTATION; STATE
AB This study contributes to an in-depth examination of how Wenchuan earthquake disaster survivors utilize intensive built environment reconstruction outcomes (housing and infrastructural systems) to facilitate their long-term social and economic recovery and sustainable rural development. Post-disaster recovery administered via top-down disaster management systems usually consists of two phases: a short-term, government-led reconstruction (STGLR) of the built environment and a long-term, survivor-led recovery (LTSLR) of human and social settings. However, current studies have been inadequate in examining how rural disaster survivors have adapted to their new government-provided housing or how communities conducted their long-term recovery efforts. This qualitative case study invited sixty rural disaster survivors to examine their place-making activities utilizing government-delivered, urban-style residential communities to support their long-term recovery. This study discovered that rural residents' recovery activities successfully perpetuated their original rural lives and rebuilt social connections and networks both individually and collectively. However, they were only able to manage their agriculture-based livelihood recovery temporarily. This research suggests that engaging rural inhabitants' place-making expertise and providing opportunities to improve their housing and communities would advance the long-term grassroots recovery of lives and livelihoods, achieving sustainable development.
C1 [Wu, Haorui] Dalhousie Univ, Sch Social Work, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
   [Wu, Haorui] Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Sci, Nat Hazards Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
C3 Dalhousie University; University of Colorado System; University of
   Colorado Boulder
RP Wu, HR (corresponding author), Dalhousie Univ, Sch Social Work, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.; Wu, HR (corresponding author), Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Sci, Nat Hazards Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM Haorui.wu@dal.ca
TC 4
Z9 6
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
PA MDPI AG, Grosspeteranlage 5, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
EI 2071-1050
PD JUL
PY 2021
VL 13
IS 14
AR 7629
DI 10.3390/su13147629
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
UT WOS:000677116700001
ER

PT J
AU Xiang, MM
   Zhao, W
   Chen, J
AF Xiang, Mingming
   Zhao, Wei
   Chen, Jiao
TI A Comparison of Different Reconstruction Modes and Adaptive Evaluation
   Systems for Community Recovery Following the Wenchuan Earthquake
SO SUSTAINABILITY
DT Article
DE community recovery; living environment reconstruction; paired
   assistance; built environment evaluation; evaluation index system
ID DISASTER RECOVERY; RESILIENCE; URBAN; LESSONS; PLANS; CHINA
AB Living environment reconstruction in Wenchuan earthquake disaster-hit areas received substantial attention internationally, so it is imperative to examine out the methods employed, to evaluate community reconstruction and recovery performances. However, the existing evaluation systems for post-disaster reconstruction practices are mostly generalized models, and thus, the actual differences among various reconstruction modes and local characteristics are given insufficient attention. After 10 years of reconstruction and recovery, Dujiangyan, Beichuan, and Wenchuan have exhibited distinct differences and characteristics because of two different reconstruction modes: "paired assistance" and "self-construction". Based on a thorough review of the literature and expert judgments, this article focuses on the introduction of evaluation factors comprising the opinions and requirements of disaster victims. Adopting the "four-step method" to select the evaluation factors through conceptual consolidation, analytical structuring, indicator identification, and index creation, this article summarizes the homogeneities and heterogeneities of the three different areas. The results reveal that people in different areas under the influences of different reconstruction modes and local characteristics will emphasize different evaluation factors and demonstrate different levels of concern for the same factor. This article analyzes the three areas and establishes an adaptable evaluation index system to provide scientific guidance to community recovery evaluations in different areas after major disasters.
C1 [Xiang, Mingming; Zhao, Wei] Sichuan Univ, Coll Architecture & Environm, 24 South Sect 1,Yihuan Rd, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Xiang, Mingming] Southwest Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Civil Engn & Architecture, 59 Qinlong Ave, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
   [Chen, Jiao] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Architecture & Design, 111 North Sect 1,Erhuan Rd, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
C3 Sichuan University; Southwest University of Science & Technology -
   China; Southwest Jiaotong University
RP Zhao, W (corresponding author), Sichuan Univ, Coll Architecture & Environm, 24 South Sect 1,Yihuan Rd, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
EM mingmingxiang@hotmail.com; zw@home.swjtu.edu.cn; chenjiao@swjtu.edu.cn
TC 10
Z9 11
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2071-1050
PD NOV
PY 2018
VL 10
IS 11
AR 4115
DI 10.3390/su10114115
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
UT WOS:000451531700289
ER

PT J
AU Wang, LL
   Bivona, E
   Yan, HY
   Qi, JY
AF Wang, Linlin
   Bivona, Enzo
   Yan, Haiyan
   Qi, Jiayin
TI Using a Hybrid Collaborative Crisis Management Framework to Foster
   Long-Term Growth in Post-Disaster Reconstruction: Findings From the
   Chinese Paired Assistance Policy
SO SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE
DT Article; Early Access
DE disaster resilience; hybrid collaborative crisis management; long-term
   growth; Paired Assistance Policy; post-disaster reconstruction
ID DISASTER; PARTNERSHIPS; DYNAMICS; RECOVERY; SYSTEM
AB This study applies the causal loop analysis grounded in the system dynamics methodology to examine the underlying drivers of the Paired Assistance Policy (PAP) in post-disaster reconstruction after the Chinese Wenchuan earthquake. The findings reveal that the PAP fosters coordination among diverse stakeholders operating at multiple governmental tiers and across various sectors. This coordination promotes immediate recovery and introduces an innovative mechanism that supports the long-term development of both the assisting and assisted entities. The study also identifies the potential risks associated with the competitive performance system among the assisting parties. Furthermore, this study also examines the conditions necessary for the effective implementation of the PAP in non-centralized governance contexts. By exploring capacity building of local authorities, public-private partnerships and adaptation to cultural and social contexts, the findings contribute to a broader understanding of how the PAP can be adapted across different institutional and policy environments worldwide.
C1 [Wang, Linlin] Shanghai Acad Social Sci, Inst Ecol & Sustainable Dev, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
   [Bivona, Enzo] Univ Palermo, Dept Polit Sci & Int Relationships, Palermo, Italy.
   [Yan, Haiyan] Shanghai Univ Int Business & Econ, Sch Management, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
   [Qi, Jiayin] Guangzhou Univ, Cyberspace Inst Adv Technol, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.
C3 Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences; University of Palermo; Shanghai
   University of International Business & Economics; Guangzhou University
RP Bivona, E (corresponding author), Univ Palermo, Dept Polit Sci & Int Relationships, Palermo, Italy.
EM enzo.bivona@unipa.it
TC 0
Z9 0
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1092-7026
EI 1099-1743
PD 2025 APR 22
PY 2025
DI 10.1002/sres.3158
EA APR 2025
SC Business & Economics; Social Sciences - Other Topics
UT WOS:001472224300001
ER

PT J
AU Zhao, L
   He, FN
   Zhao, CS
AF Zhao, Liang
   He, Fanneng
   Zhao, Caishan
TI A Framework of Resilience Development for Poor Villages after the
   Wenchuan Earthquake Based on the Principle of "Build Back Better"
SO SUSTAINABILITY
DT Review
DE natural disasters; poor villages; "Build back better"; resilience
   development; recovery and reconstruction
ID COMMUNITY RESILIENCE; VULNERABILITY; ADAPTATION
AB Under the current resilience development framework, which is mainly based on urban communities, it is difficult to meet the needs of the vulnerable populations in poor villages. This article aims to explore a specific and operable guidance framework suitable for the resilient development of Chinese poor villages after disasters from the perspective of social equity. The framework will help guide the sustainable development of poor villages after disasters and also provide a reference for the resilience of other similar vulnerable areas. When integrating climate change response and disaster risk management to explore sustainable development in poor villages, the essence is to explore the resilience development framework focused on the construction of resilient communities in poor villages. We take the recovery and reconstruction of poor villages after the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 as an example. Through the analysis of the effects of post-disaster recovery and reconstruction, we found that although poor communities have made significant achievements since the earthquake, there are still many aspects that need to be improved, including social life systems, economic production systems, and natural ecosystems. Therefore, we comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of poor socio-economic conditions, the complex ecological environment, and the low cultural level of residents in poor villages. Furthermore, this study followed the principle of "Build back better" (BBB) and conducted an in-depth study of the framework for the resilience of poor villages. In terms of risk reduction, it is recommended to improve structural resilience from guarantee of preferential prices and selection of environmentally friendly materials, avoid risk and villagers' participation in the formulation of general plans, and promote disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities from risk prediction and curriculum development. In terms of community recovery, it is suggested to promote community economics and victims' livelihoods by promoting industrial transformation and sustainable livelihoods and promote social and psychological health development from social relations and psychological rehabilitation. In terms of efficient implementation, specific improvements include the improvement of public participation systems and the establishment of coordination offices and sound institutional mechanisms, the development of community standards and the introduction of financial support policies, the improvement of laws and regulations, and the improvement of monitoring and evaluation from dynamic monitoring and mass satisfaction surveys. It is important to guide the sustainable development of vulnerable communities by constructing a post-disaster resistant development framework based on BBB principles.
C1 [Zhao, Liang; He, Fanneng; Zhao, Caishan] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Land Surface Pattern & Simulat, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
   [Zhao, Liang; Zhao, Caishan] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Resources & Environm, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural
   Resources Research, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of
   Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
RP He, FN (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Land Surface Pattern & Simulat, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
EM zhaol.18b@igsnrr.ac.cn; hefn@igsnrr.ac.cn; zhaocs.19b@igsnrr.ac.cn
TC 15
Z9 19
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
EI 2071-1050
PD JUN
PY 2020
VL 12
IS 12
AR 4979
DI 10.3390/su12124979
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
UT WOS:000554692400001
ER

PT J
AU Zhou, BE
   Zhang, H
   Evans, R
AF Zhou, Beier
   Zhang, Hui
   Evans, Richard
TI Build back better: A framework for sustainable recovery assessment
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
DT Article
DE Sustainable recovery; Disaster reduction; Community resilience; Wenchuan
   earthquake; Sustainable livelihood approach
ID DISASTER RECOVERY; COMMUNITY RESILIENCE; MODEL; DETERMINANTS;
   EARTHQUAKE; INDICATORS; LESSONS; HEALTH; LEVEL; PLANS
AB Build Back Better (BBB) is a strategy published as part of the Sendai Framework which has been widely adopted to achieve long-term, effective and sustainable disaster recovery. Assessment of disaster recovery is crucial for improving understanding of the difficulties and insufficiencies experienced during the reconstruction process and to better support disaster risk reduction policies and investment. However, with the focus being on optimizing the economic and physical environment, citizens' preferences remain unexamined in existing literature. Therefore, this study aims to create a sustainable recovery framework which takes into account the needs of citizens. Based on systems theory, the proposed framework evaluates the sustainable recovery level of families and communities from three dimensions, namely: Element, Structure, and Function. The Best Worst Method (BWM) was used, involving two rounds of interviews with 11 experts, to determine evaluation indexes for each dimension. The Element dimension consists of five sustainable livelihood capitals. The Structure dimension includes community social capital, leadership, and social governance. The Function dimension includes disaster preparedness, disaster response, immediate recovery, and disaster learning. The proposed framework was used to investigate the degree of sustainable recovery in four towns in Wenchuan County, Mainland China. Through interviews and large-scale surveys, the internal mechanisms that influence the level of sustainable recovery in different communities were identified. Practical recommendations are provided to improve disaster recovery management in developing regions. The proposed framework can assist in the development of recovery standards and evaluations at different levels in China and other parts of the world.
C1 [Zhou, Beier; Zhang, Hui] Guangzhou Univ, Sch Publ Adm, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China.
   [Zhou, Beier; Zhang, Hui] UCL, Inst Risk & Disaster Reduct, London WC1E 6BT, England.
   [Evans, Richard] Dalhousie Univ, Fac Comp Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
C3 Guangzhou University; University of London; University College London;
   Dalhousie University
RP Zhang, H (corresponding author), Guangzhou Univ, Sch Publ Adm, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China.
EM zhangh3377@gmail.com
TC 15
Z9 21
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2212-4209
PD JUN 15
PY 2022
VL 76
AR 102998
DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.102998
EA MAY 2022
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:000807098000002
ER

PT J
AU Chen, Y
   Song, J
   Zhong, SS
   Liu, ZQ
   Gao, WJ
AF Chen, Yu
   Song, Jing
   Zhong, Sisi
   Liu, Zaiqiang
   Gao, Weijun
TI Effect of destructive earthquake on the population-economy-space
   urbanization at county level-a case study on Dujiangyan county, China
SO SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
DT Article
DE Geological hazards; Wenchuan earthquake; Population-economy-space
   urbanization; Post-disaster reconstruction policy
ID TRIANGLE MODEL; HAZARDS; RISK
AB Geological hazards such as destructive earthquake severely limit the speed and the scale of urbanization at urban scale. However, whether the historical earthquake exert persistent or temporary effects on the urbanization process at county scale also remain intertwined. The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake was an unparalleled natural disaster in China history, and the Dujiangyan county is one of the ten worst-hit counties. Taking the Dujiangyan county as a case study, we established an indexing systems for urbanization at a county scale. The urbanization level at the county scale was gauged from three dimensions including population, economy and space. The coordinate assessment indicated that the urbanization process at the scale of county had obvious phase char-acteristics before and after the natural disasters. The suitable post-disaster policies and measures could strengthen the coupling coordination degree among the population, economy and space at the county scale. Triangle analysis indicated the urbanization model of the Dujiangyan county was basically a shift from space-dominated to population-dominated before and after the earthquake. It's indispensable to improve the quality of geological environment to minimize the threats and losses rendered by earthquake and facilitate sustainable urbanization process at county scale.
C1 [Chen, Yu; Liu, Zaiqiang; Gao, Weijun] Univ Kitakyushu, Fac Environm Engn, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 8080135, Japan.
   [Song, Jing] Sichuan Tourism Univ, Coll Art, Chengdu 610100, Peoples R China.
   [Zhong, Sisi] Sichuan Agr Univ, Coll Architecture & Urban Rural Planning, Chengdu 611830, Peoples R China.
   [Gao, Weijun] Qingdao Univ Technol, Innovat Inst Sustainable Maritime Architecture Re, Qingdao 266033, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Kitakyushu; Sichuan Tourism University; Sichuan
   Agricultural University; Qingdao University of Technology
RP Song, J (corresponding author), Sichuan Tourism Univ, Coll Art, Chengdu 610100, Peoples R China.
EM lyxiongmaojingjing@163.com
TC 23
Z9 26
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2210-6707
EI 2210-6715
PD JAN
PY 2022
VL 76
AR 103345
DI 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103345
SC Construction & Building Technology; Science & Technology - Other Topics;
   Energy & Fuels
UT WOS:000768216900002
ER

PT J
AU Lu, Y
   Li, R
AF Lu, Yi
   Li, Rui
TI Rebuilding resilient homeland: an NGO-led post-Lushan earthquake
   experimental reconstruction program
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
DT Article
DE Resilient homeland; NGO; Social experiment; Post-disaster
   reconstruction; Lushan earthquake
ID POSTDISASTER HOUSING RECONSTRUCTION; COMMUNITY RESILIENCE; DISASTER
   RESILIENCE; CIVIL-SOCIETY; WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; BUILD BACK; RECOVERY;
   MANAGEMENT; GOVERNMENT; STATE
AB There have been many practical programs suggested for building resilient cities and communities, many of which have been driven by governments to focus on disaster prevention rather than focusing on the needs of the affected population. The rebuilding resilient homeland (RRH) program discussed in this paper was a post-Lushan earthquake reconstruction, NGO-led, people-oriented experimental program. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to determine the methods used by the NGOs to lead the reconstruction program for "building back better" and identify the role that NGOs can play in state-civil society relations. Harnessing information gathered from fieldwork, interviews, and document reviews, this paper offers an in-depth case study of the RRH program, with a specific focus on the "resilience" associated with infrastructure, capability, mechanisms, and culture, and the "homeland" associated with safe homes, safe communities, safe schools, and a safe future. The program review revealed useful references for the future development of resilient cities and communities, with people-oriented strategies, community involvement and multi-stakeholder collaborations being the three most salient features. This experimental program also revealed that NGOs and governments could use the institutional opportunities arising from disasters to develop cooperative programs to "build back better" and further facilitate state-civil society relations.
C1 [Lu, Yi] Sichuan Univ, Inst Emergency Management & Reconstruct Postdisas, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
   [Lu, Yi; Li, Rui] Sichuan Univ, Business Sch, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
C3 Sichuan University; Sichuan University
RP Lu, Y (corresponding author), Sichuan Univ, Inst Emergency Management & Reconstruct Postdisas, Chengdu, Peoples R China.; Lu, Y (corresponding author), Sichuan Univ, Business Sch, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
EM luyiscu@scu.edu.cn
TC 12
Z9 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA ONE NEW YORK PLAZA, SUITE 4600, NEW YORK, NY, UNITED STATES
SN 0921-030X
EI 1573-0840
PD OCT
PY 2020
VL 104
IS 1
BP 853
EP 882
DI 10.1007/s11069-020-04194-3
EA JUL 2020
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:000553274300002
ER

PT J
AU Xie, W
   Li, N
   Wu, JD
   Hao, XL
AF Xie, W.
   Li, N.
   Wu, J. -D.
   Hao, X. -L.
TI Modeling the economic costs of disasters and recovery: analysis using a
   dynamic computable general equilibrium model
SO NATURAL HAZARDS AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
DT Article
ID INPUT-OUTPUT MODEL; CATASTROPHES; IMPACT
AB Disaster damages have negative effects on the economy, whereas reconstruction investment has positive effects. The aim of this study is to model economic causes of disasters and recovery involving the positive effects of reconstruction activities. Computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is a promising approach because it can incorporate these two kinds of shocks into a unified framework and furthermore avoid the double-counting problem. In order to factor both shocks into the CGE model, direct loss is set as the amount of capital stock reduced on the supply side of the economy; a portion of investments restores the capital stock in an existing period; an investment-driven dynamic model is formulated according to available reconstruction data, and the rest of a given country's saving is set as an endogenous variable to balance the fixed investment. The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake is selected as a case study to illustrate the model, and three scenarios are constructed: S-0 (no disaster occurs), S-1 (disaster occurs with reconstruction investment) and S-2 (disaster occurs without reconstruction investment). S-0 is taken as business as usual, and the differences between S-1 and S-0 and that between S-2 and S-0 can be interpreted as economic losses including reconstruction and excluding reconstruction, respectively. The study showed that output from S-1 is found to be closer to real data than that from S-2. Economic loss under S2 is roughly 1.5 times that under S-1. The gap in the economic aggregate between S-1 and S-0 is reduced to 3% at the end of government-led reconstruction activity, a level that should take another four years to achieve under S-2.
C1 [Xie, W.; Li, N.; Wu, J. -D.; Hao, X. -L.] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
   [Li, N.; Wu, J. -D.] Beijing Normal Univ, Key Lab Environm Change & Nat Disaster, Minist Educ, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
   [Xie, W.; Li, N.; Wu, J. -D.; Hao, X. -L.] Beijing Normal Univ, Minist Civil Affairs, Acad Disaster Reduct & Emergency Management, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
   [Xie, W.; Li, N.; Wu, J. -D.; Hao, X. -L.] Beijing Normal Univ, Minist Educ, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
C3 Beijing Normal University; Beijing Normal University; Beijing Normal
   University; Beijing Normal University
RP Li, N (corresponding author), Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
EM xiewei@mail.bnu.edu.cn; ningli@bnu.edu.cn
TC 34
Z9 42
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1561-8633
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 4
BP 757
EP 772
DI 10.5194/nhess-14-757-2014
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
UT WOS:000337948100004
ER

PT J
AU Liu, YG
   Wang, L
   Zou, Q
   Li, JJ
   Lu, YF
   Li, L
   Xu, BN
   Wang, LH
AF Liu, Yanguo
   Wang, Li
   Zou, Qiang
   Li, Jingji
   Lu, Yafeng
   Li, Lin
   Xu, Binni
   Wang, Lihui
TI Post-disaster spatial reconstruction from the perspective of a rural
   settlement niche in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River
SO JOURNAL OF MOUNTAIN SCIENCE
DT Article
DE Rural settlements; Spatial reconstruction; Settlement niche;
   Post-Wenchuan Earthquake Reconstruction; Southwest China
ID SHALLOW LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; FLOW;
   INFILTRATION; MODEL; STABILITY
AB Post-disaster recovery and reconstruction provide an effective way to reduce the disaster vulnerability of, and promote leapfrog development in, an affected area. To date, studies that have used administrative boundaries to investigate the reconstruction of settlement space have not been able to clearly define the real boundaries of land use changes or quantify the degree of response to the 'Build-Back-Better' initiative, and have lacked any consideration of the fourth reconstruction stage-development period (10 years). This study constructed a mountain settlement niche and analyzed the characteristics, spatial reconstruction, and drivers of rural settlements during 2009-2019 in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, southwest China. The results showed the following: (1) Natural factors were the basis for the formation and development of mountain settlement niches. The scale of the settlement niche and its land use structure depended on the physical geography features and the ethnic farming and grazing traditions. The settlement niche provided a realistic boundary for the spatial reconstruction. (2) The layout of residential land around cropland was the common feature of the mountain settlement niche. Of all the land use types, the roads and rural residential lands showed the most change over the 10 years; 13,860 residential patches increased in size and 4,742 patches were abandoned. (3) The area of orchards, planted to reconstruct the economy in the mountains, increased by nearly 2.5 times. (4) Collapses, landslides, and debris flow disasters and the ecological red line influenced the spatial reconstruction. While the main focus of postdisaster recovery is spatial reconstruction, initiatives should include economic and spiritual recovery, and should also achieve sustainable development of the region.
C1 [Liu, Yanguo; Wang, Lihui] Southwest Univ Sci & Technol, Tianfu Inst Res & Innovat, Chengdu 610299, Peoples R China.
   [Liu, Yanguo; Wang, Li; Wang, Lihui] Southwest Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Remote Sensing Ctr China, Mianyang Sci & Technol City Div, Mianyang 621010, Peoples R China.
   [Zou, Qiang; Lu, Yafeng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Mt Hazards & Environm, Chengdu 610299, Peoples R China.
   [Li, Jingji; Xu, Binni] Chengdu Univ Technol, Key Lab Geohazard Prevent & Geoenvironm Protect, Chengdu 610059, Peoples R China.
   [Li, Lin] Chengdu Municipal Bur Planning & Nat Resources, Tianfu New Area Pk City Construct Bur, Chengdu 610218, Peoples R China.
C3 Southwest University of Science & Technology - China; Southwest
   University of Science & Technology - China; Chinese Academy of Sciences;
   Institute of Mountain Hazards & Environment, CAS; Chengdu University of
   Technology
RP Liu, YG (corresponding author), Southwest Univ Sci & Technol, Tianfu Inst Res & Innovat, Chengdu 610299, Peoples R China.; Liu, YG (corresponding author), Southwest Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Remote Sensing Ctr China, Mianyang Sci & Technol City Div, Mianyang 621010, Peoples R China.
EM liuyg2008@126.com; liwang@swust.edu.cn; zouqiang@imde.ac.cn;
   lijingji2014@cdut.edu.cn; luyafeng@imde.ac.cn; lin_112358@163.com;
   xubinni99@stu.cdut.edu.cn; wanglihui_swust@163.com
TC 3
Z9 3
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1672-6316
EI 1993-0321
PD MAY
PY 2024
VL 21
IS 5
BP 1630
EP 1646
DI 10.1007/s11629-023-8306-0
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
UT WOS:001245050300013
ER

PT J
AU Li, QS
   Umaier, K
   Chen, Y
   Koide, O
AF Li, Qiushan
   Umaier, Kabilijiang
   Chen, Yun
   Koide, Osamu
TI Comparative analysis of urban and rural housing reconstruction post 9.21
   Chi-Chi and 5.12 Wenchuan earthquakes: complexity, challenges and policy
   exploration
SO DISASTER PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
DT Article
DE Housing reconstruction; Post-disaster reconstruction policy; Recovery
   and resilience; Reconstruction mechanism; Land resource management
AB PurposeDue to significant differences between urban and rural areas in terms of geographical environment, building scale, resident culture, social organization and other aspects, the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction models for both exhibit substantial variation. This study identifies critical strategic issues that must be addressed in housing reconstruction in the context of different social structures of urban-rural "integration" and urban-rural "dualization" to achieve the goal of "building back better" in the future.Design/methodology/approachBy taking the experience of the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake and the Taiwan 9.21 earthquake as a reference, this study provides a thematic analysis and systematic summary of the entire process of post-disaster housing reconstruction.FindingsA successful housing reconstruction process should actively engage disaster-affected populations through participatory institutional design. Providing a diverse housing reconstruction model can coordinate the interests of the government, the market and affected individuals, promoting harmony of residential, productive and ecological functions. However, it can also lead to the division of existing communities.Research limitations/implicationsThis research relies on existing literature, government publications, academic studies and news reports, which may carry inherent biases or omissions. Future research can benefit from conducting more extensive and long-term post-reconstruction surveys to assess the sustained impact of recovery efforts while also considering additional data sources to ensure comprehensive and unbiased analyses.Practical implicationsWith the support of post-disaster reconstruction policies, diverse changes in land use can lead to urban and rural spatial pattern reform and sustainable regional development, providing a reference for formulating optimal strategies.Social implicationsThis study carries significant societal implications by addressing critical strategic issues in housing reconstruction within varying urban-rural social structures. It highlights the importance of engaging affected populations through participatory design and harmonizing government, market and individual interests. The research introduces strategies for activating rural construction land quotas and creating new funding sources, promoting sustainable regional development. Its findings contribute to post-disaster reconstruction models, offering valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, ultimately leading to more effective and inclusive recovery efforts and benefiting disaster-prone areas worldwide.Originality/valueThis research primarily investigates the market circulation patterns of urban and rural land under different social structures, delves into the strategies for sources of housing reconstruction funding, along with an assessment of their effectiveness.
C1 [Li, Qiushan; Umaier, Kabilijiang; Chen, Yun; Koide, Osamu] Sichuan Univ Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Disaster Management & Reconstruct, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
C3 Hong Kong Polytechnic University
RP Li, QS (corresponding author), Sichuan Univ Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Disaster Management & Reconstruct, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
EM liqiushan@scu.edu.cn
TC 0
Z9 0
PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD
PI Leeds
PA Floor 5, Northspring 21-23 Wellington Street, Leeds, W YORKSHIRE,
   ENGLAND
SN 0965-3562
EI 1758-6100
PD AUG 12
PY 2024
VL 33
IS 4
BP 406
EP 424
DI 10.1108/DPM-10-2023-0272
EA AUG 2024
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
   Health; Business & Economics
UT WOS:001281989500001
ER

EF